山东英语高考新题型阅读表达专练

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阅读表达专项训练(一)阅读表达一（共5小题；每小题3分，满分l5分）
阅读下面短文，回答五个小题。
    The 2008 Beijing Olympic Games are drawing near．Are you eager to enjoy watching the matches or start serving as a volunteer? First，you need to know about audience manners．
    Most sporting arenas （竞技场） have rules for spectators written on the back of the tickets．Read your ticket carefully before you arrive．Try to reach your seat half an hour before the start of the event and don’t leave when a game is in progress．When you leave，remember to take away your soft drink bottles and other rubbish．
    During exciting games, try to control yourself．Don’t criticize the performance of players and coaches．Be careful with your words, since some may cause anger among other people in the audience．
    Applause is a special form of body language you can use to communicate with players，but          ． When players first appear，clap your hands together to welcome them, but don’t go on for too long．After an excellent performance, applaud warmly．If someone fails, your applause will help encourage them.
   Applause is not welcome, however, while players need to keep their concentration．Various sports have various rules for the audience．
Enjoying artistic gymnastics silence．But lots of cheering can really help basketball and football players．Snooker and table tennis courtside behavior includes a ban on flash photography．Mobile phones are not allowed in shooting centers.
To be a good spectator, you should take time to learn the game－specific rules and related culture of each event.
76．What’s the best title of the passage? （Please answer within 10 words.）

77．Why should you control yourself during exciting games according to the passage? （Please answer within 15 words.）


78．Please fill in the blank in the fourth paragraph to complete the sentence．（Please answer within 10 words.）

79．Please should every one of us try to be a good spectator in your opinion? （Please answer within 30 words）


80．Translate the underlined sentence in the fifth paragraph into Chinese.


keys:
76．Good audience manners/ How to be a good spectator? （评分要求：依据与文章整体内容的相关程度酌情给分，关键词good, manners）
77．Because we may cause anger among other people in the audience.（评分要求：能明确陈述原因，关键词cause trouble, cause anger等）
78．You should do it properly（评分要求：要求给出的答案要保持与上下文的连贯性，而且与参考答案的意思相近。）
79．Every one of us should put the interests of the public before our own．Otherwise none of us can truly enjoy our own rights.（Answers can be various.）（评分要求：能合理表达九可适当得分）
80．但是，在运动员需要全神贯注的时候不要鼓掌。（评分要求：要求在准确、全面的基础上，翻译成较为通顺的汉语，并表达出作者的思路。）


阅读表达二（共5小题：每题3分，满分15分）
阅读下面的短文，根据要求完成76—80小题。
      America is a country on the move．In unheard-of numbers, people of all ages are exercising their way to better health．According to the latest figures，59 percent of American adults exercise regularly—up 12 percent from just two years ago and more than double the figure of 25 years ago．Even non-exercisers believe they would be more attractive and confident if they were more active．
      It is hard not to get the message．The virtues of physical fitness are shown on magazine covers，postage stamps，and television ads for everything from beauty soaps to travel books．Exercise as a part of daily life did not catch on until the late 1960s when research by military doctors began to show the health benefits of doing regular physical exercises．Growing publicity for races held in American cities helped fuel a strong interest in the ancient sport of runningAlthough Americans have also discovered other forms of exercise（such as walking and swimming），running________________________________________．
      As the popularity of exercise continues to increase,so does scientific evidence of its health benefits．The key to fitness is exercising the major muscle group vigorously enough to approximately double the heart rate and keep it doubled for 20 to 30 minutes at a time．Doing such physical exercises three times or more a week will produce considerable improvements in physical health in about three months．
76．What is the best title for the passage?（Please answer within 10 words．）
____________________________________________   
77．Which sentence in the passage can be replaced by the following one?
There are a lot of people of all ages who seek for better health through exercise．
_______________________________________________      
78．Please fill in the blank in the second paragraph with proper words or phrases to complete the sentence．（Please answer within 10 words．）
_________________________________________________      
79．What is the author’s purpose in writing the last paragraph?（Please answer within 30 words．）
_________________________________         
80．Translate the underlined sentence in the last paragraph into Chinese．
_________________________________________________     

keys:
76．Exercise, the Road to Health / The Importance of Exercise
（评分要求：根据与文章整体内容的相关程度酌情给分。）
77．In unheard-of numbers，people of all ages are exercising their way to better health．
（评分要求：要求准确找出以上的句子。）
78．remains the most popular form of exercise / is still popular
（评分要求：要求给出的答案要保持与上下文的连贯性，而且与参考答案的意思相近。）
79．The author’s purpose is chiefly to show us about the increase of scientific evidence of
advantages of exercising．
（评分要求：要求给出的答案要合情合理，而且与参考答案的意思相近。）
80．随着锻炼愈来愈受欢迎，显示锻炼对健康有益的科学证据也愈来愈多。
（评分要求：要求在准确、全面的基础上，翻译成较为通顺的汉语，并表达出作者的路。）



阅读表达三(共5小题;每小题3分,满分15分)
      The world’s first subway was built in London in 1863. At the time, the government was looking for a way to reduce traffic problems in the city of London. The poor areas of the city were so crowded with people that it was almost impossible for horse carriages (the taxis of those days ) to get around . The city officials were interested in trying to make it possible for workers to live outside of London and travel easily to work each day .If people had a cheap and convenient way that they could depend on to get to and from work, they would relocate their homes outside of the city. This would help ease the pressure of too many people living in the poor parts of London. From these problems, the idea of the London Underground, the first subway system, was born .
       The plans for building the Underground met with several problems and delays, but the first track was finally opened in January 1863. A steam train pulled the cars along the first underground track which was six kilometers (3.7 miles ) long. About 30,000 people got on the subway the first day . Riders were treated to comfortable seats (standing up while the train was moving was not al- lowed ) and pleasant decorations inside each of the cars. However, the smoke from the engine soon filled the air in the tunnels with ash and soot, as well as chemical gases. Fans had to be put in the tunnels later to keep the air clean enough for people to breathe. Even with its problems, riding the Underground did become popular. It carried nine million riders in its first year.
       Modern subways have come a long way since the early days of the London Underground. Today there are 94 large underground rapid transit systems around the world. The busiest of these subway systems is the Tokyo Metro which opened in 1927. This efficient subway has two billion riders per year, and “pushers ” work on the platforms during busy traffic hours to help push riders onto trains. At times, subway cars have been packed with up to 300 people! Shopping malls built in high traffic stations where riders move from one train to another have also helped the popularity of subways in Tokyo. Stations like the famous Ginza Sugo Eki Ginza Consolidated Station include underground department store, supermarkets, restaurants, and specialty shops. Shoppers never have to go above ground!
1.What is the best title for this passage?(Please answer within 10 words)
________________________________________________________________________
2.What doesn't "Shoppers never have to go above ground!"mean? (Please answer within 10 words)
________________________________________________________________________
3.What problems led the British government to build the London Underground? (Please answer within 10 words)
________________________________________________________________________
4.Which sentence can be replaced by the following?
Although there were such problems,people loved to take subways.
________________________________________________________________________
5.Translate the underlined sentence into Chinese.
________________________________________________________________________

keys:
1. Subway then and now
2. Shopper can buy what they want in underground malls.
3. Overcrowding and traffic jams
4. Even with its problems, riding the Underground did become popular.
5. 如果人们有了一个能够用来上下班、又便宜、又方便的方式，他们就愿意在城市外面重新安家了。

阅读表达四（共5小题，每小题3分，满分15分。）
阅读下面的短文，根据文章后所给的题目进行简答。
The research, which followed 200 students for four years , showed that women consistently outperformed men in their studies even though they had started their courses with almost identical A-level grades.
An analysis of the results showed that while 65 percent of female graduates were awarded, only 35 percent of male graduates did as well. Girls are known to outperform boys at school, but this research showed that the trend continued at university.
Fiona Smith who led the research said, “ The research shows that the difference has something to do with schools in general.”
“ It also shows something about the inequality for working women in terms of pay and promotion. Women work harder at school, harder at university, and do better at both, but they still receive less pay.”
The research found that female students were more faithful, less likely to miss lectures, and more likely to believe that their marks reflected their abilities than male students. Female students were also more likely to ask for and receive support from their professors.
Women were also more likely to choose their universities because they liked the courses offered.
In contrast, men were likely than women to miss lectures due to “other affairs” and “laziness”, and to believe that playing sports was an important part of university life.
Generally, people think that women’s success comes from more emphasis on coursework, but the research showed that female geographers at Brunel did better in their exams than in their coursework.
Dr Smith said, “Most women feel that getting grades is the most important part of university life.They believe that they need to work harder in order to compete in the male-dominated environment they will encounter at work. Good grades are viewed as an ‘insurance policy’ for success. Men, on the other hand, prefer going out and playing sports to academic work.
“This research shows how important it is to get all young people working hard and teach them the value of higher education,” he said.
1.The main purpose of the research is (Please answer within 20 words.)
__________________________________________________________________
2.Which sentence in the passage can be replaced by the following one?
Men would play rather than academic work.
_____________________________________________________________________
3. Please fill in the blank with proper words or phrases to complete the sentence. (Please answer within 20 words.)
Most women think _____________________________________in the competition against men.
4.From the results of the research, we can infer that compared with men, women _______________________________________________.(Please answer within 20 words.)
5. Translate the underlined sentence  into Chinese.
_______________________________________________________________________

keys:
1. to make all the students to work hard and realize the importance of higher education
2. Men prefer going out and playing sports to academic work
3. it is necessary to work hard if they want to be successful
4. are in unfavorable environment
5. 她们相信她们更加努力地工作才能在男人主宰的环境中去竞争。

［高考新题型］阅读表达专项训练(二)
阅读表达五（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
阅读下面的短文，并根据短文后的要求答题（请注意问题后的字数要求）。
If you are worried about things and are under a lot of stress at work or school, then you are probably not sleeping well. Worry can keep you awake, tossing and turning in bed until the early hours of the morning when you eventually fall asleep. When you wake up, you don’t feel refreshed, but tired and worn out and unable to face a new day.
Dr. Henry Winkle, in a recent newspaper article entitled Stress and Sleep, indicates that                      . Dr. Winkle says, “The more we worry, the less we sleep, the more we are unable to deal with stress. If we can find a way to get a good night’s sleep,” he adds, “we can often find the energy to deal with what’s worrying us.”
So, what is a good night’s sleep? Research shows that the amount of sleep which people need in order to keep healthy varies a lot. Seven hours in about the average amount, though strangely enough, sleeping longer often gives you a headache instead of making you feel more refreshed.
Dr. Winkle believes that preparing for sleeping is important. People who work late should try to give themselves a short break and do something restful before going to bed. This could be watching TV or listening to music. Doing some exercise earlier in the day should help you to feel physically as well as mentally tired. A bedtime drink can also help, but coffee or tea should be avoided as they contain caffeine and will keep you awake. “When you put the light out,” Dr. Winkle says, “concentrate on relaxing your muscles, working slowly up from your feet, and you’ll be asleep before you know it.”
76．What is the best title of the passage? (Please answer within 10 words)                                                                                
77．Which sentence in the passage can be replaced by the following one?
    People shouldn’t go to sleep immediately but should take a break after working late in the night.

78．Please fill in the blank in the second paragraph with proper words or phrases to complete the sentence. (Please answer within 10 words)
                                                                         79．Someone says that the longer you sleep, the better you feel. Try to find some arguments from the passage against the idea. (Please answer within 30 words)

80．Translate the underlined sentence in the first paragraph into Chinese.                                                                  
Keys:
76．Sleep and Your Life / Stress and Sleep /Sleep is Important
（评分要求：依据与文章整体内容的相关程度酌情给分，关键词sleep）
77．People who work late should try to give themselves a short break and do something restful before going to bed.
（评分要求：要求准找出以上的句子。）
78．stress / worry and (lack of ) sleep are directly related.
（评分要求：要求给出的答案要保持与上下文的连贯性，而且与参考答案的意思相近。）
79．Seven hours is about the average amount, though strangely enough, sleeping longer often gives you a headache instead of making you feel more refreshed.
（评分要求：只要给出文中所列理由可得2分。）
80．当你醒来时，你不但没有感到精力充沛（旺盛），反而疲惫不堪，难以面对新的一天。
（评分要求：要求在准确、全面的基础上，翻译成较为通顺的汉语，并表达出作者的思路。）
每小题2分。不符合题目字数要求、严重语法错误每小题扣1分。

阅读表达六（共5小题；每小题3分，满分15分）
  阅读下面短文并根据要求回答后面的题目。
A big red barn is probably one of the first thing most Americans would think of if you asked them to imagine a farm. And not a modern metal ham．but a building made of wood like the ones in the old days．
A ham is where farmers keep animals and equipment．Over time．as fewer and fewer people worked the land．more and more hams were tom down to make way for developers．Others that remained might have fallen into poor condition．Or perhaps they just no longer satisfy the needs of a modem farmer．Keeping an old barn in good condition might not be seen as worth the cost if it does not serve much purpose．But Americans with historic hams are, being urged to save them．
      The magazine Successful Fanning and the National Trust for Historic Preservation are working together on a program called Barn Again! The National Trust is a nonprofit organization that works to protect places of historic importance in America．
      The Barn Again program advises hundreds of barn owners every） year. Awards are given for the projects that best succeed at restoring a ham for continued farm use．Winning buildings are used to demonstrate（展示）methods of preservation．
      The organization suggests how problems with things like stone and concrete block foundations can be fixed．With many old hams．the foundation they are built on is falling apart．Barn Again also offers advice for other repairs．like how to replace siding and how to use a power washer to remove loose paint．And fanners are given suggestions about how to calculate costs．
     Leo Fitzpatrick of Beaverton，Michigan．won the 2004 Barn．Again Award．He made one improvement at a time．The work took more than nine years．He did it himself．even though for a while he held another job in addition to farming．He says it cost him fourteen thousand dollars，much less than a new barn of similar size．
     The improvements included strengthening the barn．There are no structural supports inside the building；instead．its sides hold it up．Today the barn holds fourteen thousand bundles of hay．
    Leo Fitzpatrick says the barn is a lot stronger than when it was new．His grandfather built it in1914．And Mister Fitzpatrick says his farm would not be the same without it．
76．What is the best title of the passage?（Please answer within 10 words）
_______________________________________________________________
77．Which sentence in the passage can be replaced by the following sentence?
Bam owners who make the best repairs on old hams and keep them in use can get a prize．
_____________________________________________________________
78．Please find a proper word in the text to fill in the blanks．（Write just one word for each blank）
The red barns are at high risk of disappearing，because some have been ____________down,    others are in terrible __________________.Worse still．the farmers are unwilling to do repairs on them．believing they do not serve much___________________．
79．What is Barn Again?（Please answer within 30 words）
_______________________________________________________________
80．Translate the undetermined sentence in the first paragraph into Chinese．
_________________________________________________________________

Keys:
76．Saving／Protecting/Preserving Historic Barns
77．Awards are given for the projects that best succeed at restoring a barn for continued farm use.
78．tom/pulled; condition slate；purpose
79．The Barn Again is a program which offers awards advice on improving the remaining barns, aiming at preserving the existing historic barns.
80.如果你让美国人想象一个场，大部分道先想到的东西之一就是红色的谷仓

阅读表达七（共5小题，每题3分，共15分）
The art of living is to know when to let hold fast and to let go.For life is a paradox(自相矛盾的事物).People always say:“A man comes to this world with his hand clenched(握紧),but when he dies,his nahd is open.”
Surely we ought to hold fast to life,for it is wondrous,and full of beauties.We know that this is so,but all too often we recognize this truth only in  our backward glance when we remember what was and then suddenly realize that it is no more.
A recent experience re-taught me this truth..I was hospitalized following a severe heart attack and had been in intensive care for several days.It was not a pleasant place.One morning,I had to have some tests.The required machines were located in a building at the opposite end of the hospital,so I had to be wheeled across the courtyard on a gurney(盖尼式床).As we emerged from our unit,the sunlight hit hit me.That’s all there was to my experience.Just the_________________________of the sun.And yet how beautiful it was------how warming,how sparking,how brilliant!I looked to see whether anyone else loved the sun’s golden glow,but everyone was hurrying,most with eyes fixed on the ground.Then I remembered how often I do the same,life’s gifts are valuable------but we are too careless of them.
Here then is the first pole of life’s paradoxical demands on us:Never too busy for the wonder and the awe of life.Be reverent before each dawning day.Hug each hour.Seize each golden minute.
76.What is the best title of the passage?(Please answer within ten words)
   ____________________________________________________________
77.Which sentence in the passage can be replaced by the following one?
   The machines needed were located in a building at the other end of the hospital.
   ____________________________________________________________________
78.Please fill in the blank in paragraph three with proper words or phrases to complete the sentence.(Please answer within 10 words)
  _____________________________________________________________
79.What time of life did the author want to return to?(Please answer within 30 words)
      _________________________________________________________________
80.Translate the underlined sentence into Chinese.
     __________________________________________________________________

Keys:
76.The Art of Living(文章第一句点题:生活的艺术是知道什么时候该抓紧,什么时候该放手。最后一句与之呼应：既不要太匆忙也不要太散漫。)
77．The required machines were located in a building at the opposite end of the hospital.
78.light(前面提到the sunlight hit me这里再一次强调just the light of sun,作为一个重症病人阳光显得那么的温暖,耀眼,明亮。)
79．A time when the life was simple,only knowing colors,multiplication tables,and nursery rhymes.(平时过于忙碌，只有在病中，作者才感悟到简单生活的可贵，才能记起背乘法口诀和哼儿歌时的快乐。)
80．一个人出生时手是紧握的，而死亡时手是松开的。

阅读表达八（共5小题；每小题3分，满分15分）
阅读下面的短文，并根据短文后的要求答题。（请注意问题后的字数要求）
News 1
Have you ever thought of being able to fly around the world in a few hours though it is about 40,000 kilometers? One day, maybe you can. Last Saturday, the American X – 43A airplane made its first flight. It reached a speed of 8,000 kilometers an hour. This makes it the fastest plane in the world. The X – 43 A is only three to four meters long, but it’s very heavy: it weighs 1,270 kilograms.

News 2
Have you got angry at books that        ? Don’t worry, and things will get better soon. Last week, China started checking the mistakes in textbooks, dictionaries and children’s books all over the country. The government said the results of the checking would come out at the end of June.
News 3
A dark restaurant, the second of its type in China, was built in Dalian last week, and diners should be eating there in total darkness.
Customers may go to the tables after placing their belongings in lockers. With customers’ hands on their shoulders, the waiters will lead them to their tables. Because it’s black inside, waiters wear night – vision goggles to find their way.
A manager surnamed Xiong said he hopes customers can enjoy their food like blind people and experience what the blind people feel about the world and thus show more concern for the disabled.
News 4
Floods across the northern Mexican state of Coahuila killed at least 32 people and left 100 more missing. It was reported on Monday. The heavy rain hit the state all night last Friday, so some banks of the river were broken. Among the river about 3,000 families were seriously affected.
76．What is the best title of News 1 ? (Please answer within 10 words.)

77．Which sentence in the passage can be replaced by the following one?
It rained so heavily all night in the state that it damaged some banks of the river.

78．Please fill in the blank in News 2 with proper words or phrases to complete the sentence.
(Please answer within 10 words.)

79．What do you think of the newly – built restaurant in Dalian? Why? (Please answer within 30 words.)

80．Translate the underlined sentence in News 3 into Chinese.

Keys:
76．①The American X – 43A Airplane ②The Fastest Plane in the World
77．The heavy rain hit the stare all – night last Friday, so some banks of the river were broken.
78．①are full of mistakes ②contain many mistakes ③have a lot of mistakes
79．(Open) One possible answer:
    I think it’s a good idea to open up such restaurants. Because customers can learn more about blind people and thus show more concern for the disabled.
80．上周，一家“黑店”，中国此类饭店的第二家，在大连落成。就餐者在完全黑暗的情况下进餐

阅读表达是高考英语山东卷中的一个新题型。该题型既考查学生的阅读理解能力，又考查的学生书面表达能力。从样题可以看出，该题要求根据一篇250词左右的短文，以阅读表达方式考查5个问题：①概括文章标题；②句子替代；③补全文章；④开放式问题；⑤英译汉。

练习题：

One thing Britain is famous for is pubs, and no trip to the UK would be complete without a visit to one of the thousands of pubs across the country.

Pubs play an important part in the social structure of the country. They are places where all ages and social classes mix to talk, do business, or just spend a couple of quiet hours before heading home in the evening.

There are many different types of beer available in pubs. Traditional British beer is called bitter, or ale, and is usually served at room temperature. As a result, the British are famous for their ‘warm beer’! If you prefer a cold beer, ask for lager. This beer is a light yellow in colour whereas bitter is usually a darker brown. All beers are served as pints (500 ml) or halves (250ml). To order, you need to ask for a pint or half, and then name the beer. So, you could say “ .”

Wine, red or white, is normally available in all pubs, as are spirits such as whisky, gin or vodka.

It is not, however, necessary to drink alcohol. Non-alcoholic drinks are called soft drinks. You can have juice, lemonade or cola, among others.

If you visit a pub in a group, it is important to pay for your ‘round’. This means that you buy a drink for everyone in your group. Not buying your round is a big social mistake! Remember that you need to order and pay for your drinks at the bar.

So, follow these tips if you want to get the most out of visiting a pub, and, “cheers!”

1. What is the best title of the passage? ? (Please answer within 10 words.)



2. Which sentence in the passage can be replaced by the following one?

If you don’t buy a drink for everyone in your group, you are socially wrong.



3. Please fill in the blank in the third paragraph with proper words or phrases to complete the sentence. (Please answer within 10 words.)

_______________________________________________________________________

4. If you are in a pub, what would you like to drink? Why? (Please answer within 30 words.)

_________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________

5. Translate the underlined sentence in the first paragraph into Chinese.

_________________________________________________________________________

答案与解析:

1. Pubs in the UK

2. Not buying your round is a big social mistake.

3. A pint of bitter, please. (A half of lager, please.)

解析: 根据前一句To order, you need to ask for a pint or half, and then name the beer不难填写。

4. I prefer soft drinks because soft drinks will do good to my health. （可以自由发挥，只要合情合理就行）

5.酒吧是各个年龄、不同阶层的人聚在一起，谈天说地，洽谈贸易的地方，或者干脆只在晚上回家前来此安静地呆上几个小时。

Tell a story and tell it well， and you may open wide the eyes of a child，open up lines of communication in a business，or even open people‘s mind to another culture or race.    People in many places are digging up the old folk stories and the messages in them. For example，most American storytellers get their tales from a wide variety of sources，cultures，and times. They regard storytelling not only as a useful tool in child education， but also as a meaningful activity that helps adults understand themselves as well as those whose culture may be very different from their own.
    “ Most local stories are based on a larger theme，” American storyteller Opalanga Pugh says， “ Cinderella（灰姑娘）， or the central idea of a good child protected by her goodness，appears in various forms in almost every culture of the world.”
    Working with students in schools， Pugh helps them understand their own cultures and the general messages of the stories. She works with prisoner too， helping them knowing who they are by telling stories that her listeners can write， direct， and act in their own lives. If they don‘t like the story they are living， they can rewrite the story. Pugh also works to help open up lines of communication between managers and workers. “For every advance in business，” she says， “there is a greater need for communication.” Storytelling can have a great effect on either side of the manager-worker relationship， she says.
    Pugh spent several years in Nigeria， where she learned how closely storytelling was linked to the everyday life of the people there. The benefits of storytelling are found everywhere， she says.
    “I learned how people used stories to spread their culture，” she says， “What I do is to focus on the value of the stories that people can translate into their own daily world of affairs. We are all storytellers. We all have a story to tell. We tell everybody‘s story.”
    练习问题
    1.What is the main idea of the text？（No more than 10 words.）
    2.How does American storyteller think of storytelling？ （No more than 10 words.）
    3.How many groups of people has Pugh practised storytelling with？ （No more than 5 words.）
    4.Please explain the underlined phrase “rewrite the story”in English.（No more than 5 words.）
    5.What statement from the passage inspire you to tell stories and why？（ The reason should be answered within 25 words）
    参考答案
    1.Storytelling helps people understand themselves and others.
    2.They find storytelling useful for both children and adults.
    3.There are three.
    4.Start a new life.
    5.One possible answer： We are all storytellers. We all have our own experience of life， which can be shared with others， so we should live a meaningful life.

At nine most mornings the same scene is repeated in office buildings around the world. An employee walks into the elevator with his boss and apart from a mumbled "good morning" the junior is lost for other words. That's an opportunity missed, says experts, who believe that such an apparently dull 30 - second conversation can be invaluable for those who want to climb the career ladder.
"Small talk can help establish a relationship upon which you can build," says Dusseldorf communication advisor Thorsten Knobble, whose company customize curriculum vitas and job references.
As a matter of fact, the significance of small talk goes far beyond the relationship to one's boss. People who fail the art of speaking a lot without actually saying anything find it harder to cultivate relationships in the workplace, believes Ulrich Goldschmidt, director of the senior management association VDF Essen
"Small talk is an essential part of networking," he says.
Virtually every conversation begins and ends with small talk, according to Wolf Lasko, who has written a book on the topic and its bearing on career prospects.
Not everyone____________________. It takes skill to pick the right moment and the right topic with which to start a conversation. There are plenty of topics although some are not suitable for informal chat. "Anything to do with sex is taboo,' cautions Knobble. "Care is needed with politics, religion, money and health." Safe topics include the holidays, the movies, or sports.
1. What can be the best title of the passage?(Within 10 words)
_________________________________________________________________________
2. Which sentence in the passage can be replaced by the following one?
In fact, small talk is important to more than building a good relationship to a person's boss.
_________________________________________________________________________
3. Fill in the blank in the last paragraph with proper words to complete the sentence.(Within 10 words)
_________________________________________________________________________
4. What's the purpose of the writer writing the first paragraph?
_________________________________________________________________________
5. Translate the underlined sentence in the last paragraph into Chinese.
__________________________________________________________________________


二
Everyone needs friends. They are a basic source of happiness and hope in our lives. However, the ability to make friends varies from person to person. To some people, making friends is easy, and ____________.
We all have the ability to make friends. Unfortunately, many people never reach their potential (潜能). Making friends is a skill, and the first step in developing that skill is knowing how to get along with others.
People who are good at getting along with others take an interest in what other people like. They learn to develop interests that make them enjoyable to be around. Therefore, the more things that your child knows how to do that involve connecting with other kids, the more chances he or she has to make friends.
If your child has trouble making friends, you can tell him or her what to do.
Realize your own strengths
You have skills and talents that others can enjoy. Some people don't let others see their good points, but you should believe that you are a good person who has something to share with others.
Develop a sense of humor
Learn to laugh at yourself and your shortcomings. It will relieve some of the stress in your life. If you ever feel like poking fun at someone, let it be you, never anyone else. Smile, smile, smile.
Respect the rights of others
They have their opinions; you have yours. Different opinions are healthy. Learn how to listen to others without putting them down or trying to persuade them that your opinion is right.
Be kind
Throughout your life, you will learn that if you are kind to others, they will usually be kind to you. When should you start being kind? Right now. Give someone a compliment(恭维). Open the door for someone.  Wave to a friend. Encourage someone who is discouraged. Say something positive. There are hundreds of little things you can do to show your kindness.
Be empathetic(同情的)
Try to understand what others are going through. Look at life through their eyes. If you empathize with someone's feelings, you can help.
Don't complain
People get tired of listening to constant complaining. Life doesn't always go the way you want. Learn to accept what you can't change, and work hard to change what you can. Replace the time you used to spend complaining with the time spent being kind.
Never give up
Even if you are faced with negative, closed-minded people, never give up. Don't let them change you into one of them. Find people who will appreciate you.
1.    What is the best title of the passage? (Please answer within 10 words. )
______________________________________________________
2.    Which sentence in the passage can be replaced by the following one?
In life you will learn that people would treat you as you treat them.
______________________________________________________
3.    Please fill in the blank with proper words or phrases to complete the sentence. (Please answer within 10 words. )
_____________________________________________________
4.    Which of the suggestions do you think is the most important one for you? Why? (Please answer within 30 words. )
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________
5.    Translate the underlined sentences in the passage into Chinese.
_____________________________________________________


三
A is for always getting to work on time.
B is for being extremely busy.
C is for the conscientious ( 勤勤恳恳的 ) way you do your job.
You may be all these things at the office, and more. But when it comes to getting ahead, experts say, the ABCs of business should include a P, for politics, as in office politics.
Dale Carnegie suggested as much more than 50 years ago: Hard work alone doesn't ensure career advancement. You have to be able to sell yourself and your ideas, both publicly and behind the scenes. Yet, despite the obvious rewards of engaging in office politics-a better job, a raise, praise-many people are still unable-or unwilling-to "play the game."
"People assume that office politics involves some manipulative (工于心计的) behavior," says Deborah Comer, an assistant professor of management at Hofstra University. "But politics derives from the word 'polite'. It can mean lobbying and forming associations. It can mean being kind and helpful, or even trying to please your superior, and then expecting something in return."
In fact, today, experts define office politics as proper behavior used to pursue one's own self-interest in the workplace. In many cases, this involves some form of socializing within the office environment-not just in large companies, but in small workplaces as well.
"The first thing people are usually judged on is their ability to perform well on a consistent basis," says Neil P. Lewis, a management psychologist. "But if two or three candidates are up for a promotion, each of whom has reasonably similar ability, a manager is going to promote the person he or she likes best. It's simple human nature."
Yet, psychologists say, many employees and employers have trouble with the concept of politics in the office. Some people, they say, have an idealistic vision of work and what it takes to succeed. Still others associate politics with flattery(奉承), fearful that, if they speak up for themselves, they may appear to be flattering their boss for favors.
Experts suggest altering this negative picture by recognizing the need for some self-promotion.
1. What can be the best title of the passage?(within 10 words)
_______________________________________________________________________________
2. Which sentence in the passage can be replaced by the following one?
If you just work hard, it doesn't necessarily mean that you'll get a promotion or a raise.
_______________________________________________________________________________
3. What does "play the game" in Para.2 mean? (within 10 words)
_____________________________________________________________________________
4. What do you think of office politics? (within 20 words)
_____________________________________________________________________________
5. Translate the underlined sentence in the last paragraph into Chinese
___________________________________________________________________________

四
Will we use jet packs or flying cars? Or live on other planets and have robot friends? With technology advancing very fast, it seems practically anything is possible---and you don't even have to look that far ahead to find some pretty amazing idea. Here's a look at a few gadgets(小电器) that already exit, though you won't find them at the local mall just yet---these things take time!
Starring…You
        When you go to the movies, do you wish______________? At the World Expo 2005 in Japan, members of a movie audience became part of the cast. Visitors' faces were scanned by digital cameras as they entered the theater, and the images were then inserted into the film. Only two real actors appeared in the movie---all the other roles were played by digitally-animated versions of the audience members. Just think: Someday you could make your movie debut without even having to learn your lines!
The quietest conversation
Wouldn't it be great if you could hold a phone conversation wherever you wanted and without uttering a sound? If you had something urgent to tell hour BFF( best friends forever), you could call her from a no-talking zone---say, the middle of the school library---and other people wouldn't hear a thing! Scientists are developing new technology that measures a person's vocal cord movements and translates them into sound. (Put your hand on your throat and talk silently---you'll feel your vocal cord moving). These measurements are fed into a device that changes them to a computer-generated voice that's sent to the listener. Your friends will hear a robot voice instead of yours, but that's a small price to pay for carrying on a conversation without saying a word.

Robot soccer
        RoboCup, an international research organization, holds yearly soccer competitions for robots. For now the robots only compete with each other, but RoboCup hopes that by 2050, their soccer robots will be good enough to beat human soccer champions. Wherever you may be in 2050, remember to mark that game on your calendar! RoboCup isn't always about fun and games, though. The technology used to make the soccer robots is also used to build search-and -rescue robots that help save lives in emergencies.
Say it with style
        Do you like sharing photos and funny messages by e-mail? How would you like to do the same thing on your clothes? A few companies are experimenting with shirts and jackets that feature flexible, programmable displays. Think of the possibilities: If you were feeling shy about meeting new people, you could set your shirt to display a friendly message or flash a greeting. While you're riding a bike, your flashing shirt could signal turns. Or someday you may be able to program the pattern on the fabric, then change it anytime for a different look!
1.    What is the best title of the passage? (Please answer within 10 words.)
________________________________________________________
2.    Which sentence in the passage can be replaced by the following one?
A robot's voice will replace yours, but that's no big deal if it will allow you to communicate without uttering a sound.
________________________________________________________
3.    Please fill in the blank with proper words or phrases to complete the sentence. ( Please answer within 10 words.)
________________________________________________________
4.    Which of the gadgets do you think is the most interesting? Why? ( Please answer within 30 words.)
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
5.    Translate the underlined sentence in the last paragraph into Chinese.
________________________________________________________


五

        Medical research is leading American education officials to consider having high school classes start later in the morning. The research says that teenagers are more awake later at night than adults are. When staying up late at night, the teenagers have problems learning early in the morning.
        Researchers in the state of Rhode Island measured the amount of the hormone(荷尔蒙) melateonin(降黑素) in people's mouths at different times of the day. Melatonin causes people to feel sleepy.
        They found that melatonin levels rise later at night in teenagers than they do in children and adults. It remains at higher levels in teenagers later in the morning. They said this shows that teenagers have difficulty learning early in the morning. Yet most school systems in the United States begin high school classes at about seven o'clock.
        A few school districts have made some changes. In 1996, school officials in Edina, Minnesota, changed the start of classes from seven thirty to eight thirty. Two years later, the nearby city of Minneapolis did the same. Teachers there reported that students were no longer sleepy in class and were happier. Staying in school later in the day did not seem to be a problem for students who had jobs after school either.
        Health experts say that teenagers need between eight and nine hours of sleep a night. Students _________ are likely to be late for school, fail to do their homework, fall asleep in class and have trouble taking part in class discussions.
        Some people, however, don't support a later start time because they say that it would limit the time for practicing sports after school. However, the Minnesota schools found that this did not hurt school sports competitions.
        More American school districts are discussing the possibility of changing high school start times. Researchers and teenagers say that they cannot make the change quickly enough.
1.    What is the best title of the passage? (Please answer within 10 words.)
________________________________________________________
2.    Which sentence in the passage can be replaced by the following one?
If they go to bed very late at night, teenagers will have difficulty learning early in the morning.
________________________________________________________
3.    Please fill in the blank in the fifth paragraph with proper words or phrases to complete the sentence. (Please answer within 10 words.)
________________________________________________________
4.    Do you think the change is necessary? Why? (Please answer within 30 words. )
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
5.    Translate the underlined sentences in the first paragraph into Chinese.
________________________________________________________

阅读表达答案
一
1. Small talk essential to your career/ Small talk is an essential part of networking
2. As a matter of fact, the significance of small talk goes far beyond the relationship to one’s boss.
3. is good at small talk
4. To introduce the topic
5. 选择恰当时机以及恰当的话题开始聊天是需要技巧的。
二
1.       Tips on making friends
2.       Throughout your life, you will learn that if you are kind to others, they will usually be kind to you.
3.       to others, it is not.
4. I think developing a sense of humor is the most important, because it will relieve some of the stress in life.
5. 尽量体谅别人的境遇，透过他们的眼睛看待生活。

三
1. Office politics is essential to career advancement
2. Hard work alone doesn't ensure career advancement
3. engage in office politics
4. Office politics is necessary and important to a person’s career .
5.事实上，今天，专家们把办公室政治定义为用来在工作单位获得个人利益的恰当行为。
四
1.       Gadgets of the future
2.       Your friends will hear a robot voice instead of yours, but that’s a small price to pay for carrying on a conversation without saying a word.
3.       you were on the screen
4.       I think the gadget “Robot soccer” is the most interesting because I would like to watch robots complete with human footballers.
5.       想一想，如果你不好意思与生人打交道， 你可以对自己的衬衫进行设计，向他人传递友好的信息或问候别人。

五

1.       High school classes start later?/ Change high school start time
2.       When staying up late at night, the teenagers have problems learning early in the morning.
3.       not getting enough sleep
4.       It is necessary, because students can study full of energy in the whole morning.
5.       医学研究使得美国教育官员开始考虑推迟中学上午上课的时间。