语言教学的六个基本概念

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原文地址：语言教学的六个基本概念作者：鲁子问

语言教学的六个基本概念：语境、真实、过程、反思、互动、整合
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! H: }- ?9 y0 T9 t) R0 {早在1997年，明尼苏达大学的Diane J. Tedick在 Proficiency-Oriented Language Instruction and Assessment (POLIA) Curriculum Handbook for Teachers一书的导言中总结了语言教学的六个基本概念（basic concepts）：语境、真实、过程、反思、互动、整合。
* B( ^; n# s! b; [' }' Y6 C' E9 [% R至今依然很有启发，因为总在修改各种设计，大多数问题都是语境、真实性、过程方面的问题。
, \" b* h( [) K* N0 @' `1 l故而，趁半分闲，炒一碗现饭（方言，意指现成的饭，剩饭的意思）。
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Contextualization of grammar involves teaching grammar in context , that is embedded in
meaningful language use for real communicative purposes; grammar that is presented in
4 q1 H6 G- a: V0 [, kcontext enhances meaning; contextualized teaching recognizes that meaning changes
depending upon the context in which it occurs.
Authenticity of Text and Task—authentic texts and tasks reflect the intention of a real
communicative purpose for a real audience.
Process—language acquisition (be it first, second, or third...) is an ongoing process that
requires a great deal of time, patience, thought, effort, and encouragement. Recognition of the
nature of this process needs to guide instruction and assessment.
7 a, X6 P& p  {4 X' sReflection—both teachers and students need time for deliberate thought, or reflection.
$ ?6 C7 |$ W9 B2 \: R, IInteraction—learners must use language in meaningful interaction in order to learn it.
# W* A; w9 x/ y: v. Y! A* {) LIntegration—an integrative approach to language teaching sees the connection of languages
1 L! F8 x8 |1 r- o# b; |6 O) l' Dand cultures to what we do, how we think, and who we are.
      of the four modalities—creating classroom activities that require students to use
( y1 K0 ?( f3 K9 q9 w# q" flanguage within two or more of the four modalities, with attention to how those
modalities work within the framework of communicative modes, helps to reinforce
( I; f) K$ o9 W( ?" \the concepts being emphasized.
6 Q0 }' X! ?- W3 O; R+ [: V1 s* T      of language and content—language must be integrated with content, be it other
* ?$ _$ _7 E6 U; Z2 Q* Tacademic subject matters or cultural themes. A content-based approach to language
/ v' `' f; n; ?. Lteaching emphasizes language use; language structures are emphasized in the
0 g! a4 p) t( I7 u. X) R/ a% b8 e9 C2 Acontext of that use. Language classrooms must become places where students and
1 U! o/ `1 S% j% L, mteachers understand themselves as cultural beings and begin to discover the
8 j8 S& L: B; tcomplexity of the concept of culture as they view cultures both within and outside
  L9 Y+ |" f4 p8 G- \3 V% q5 |of the U.S. from a number of perspectives.

语境、真实、过程、反思、互动、整合$