语言教学的六个基本概念

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原文地址：语言教学的六个基本概念作者：鲁子问

语言教学的六个基本概念：语境、真实、过程、反思、互动、整合

; x" A7 P; |$ Y3 B- D9 d早在1997年，明尼苏达大学的Diane J. Tedick在 Proficiency-Oriented Language Instruction and Assessment (POLIA) Curriculum Handbook for Teachers一书的导言中总结了语言教学的六个基本概念（basic concepts）：语境、真实、过程、反思、互动、整合。
  p+ D6 t+ r7 M# W至今依然很有启发，因为总在修改各种设计，大多数问题都是语境、真实性、过程方面的问题。
故而，趁半分闲，炒一碗现饭（方言，意指现成的饭，剩饭的意思）。

Contextualization of grammar involves teaching grammar in context , that is embedded in
meaningful language use for real communicative purposes; grammar that is presented in
! r7 I0 k; V0 A: C: E3 N- vcontext enhances meaning; contextualized teaching recognizes that meaning changes
depending upon the context in which it occurs.
' Z1 F& Q. S& SAuthenticity of Text and Task—authentic texts and tasks reflect the intention of a real
communicative purpose for a real audience.
( E7 Q- o! I3 A3 [6 FProcess—language acquisition (be it first, second, or third...) is an ongoing process that
requires a great deal of time, patience, thought, effort, and encouragement. Recognition of the
' x- _4 s, I; H, K% T+ j( qnature of this process needs to guide instruction and assessment.
' w- X2 N: c: J4 M: g4 S. w$ aReflection—both teachers and students need time for deliberate thought, or reflection.
$ D8 f* C# R/ s1 a+ ?% G( ^Interaction—learners must use language in meaningful interaction in order to learn it.
# T9 y& _7 p* r* \% \* R' yIntegration—an integrative approach to language teaching sees the connection of languages
and cultures to what we do, how we think, and who we are.
( P) a( ~5 a( ~7 V- P      of the four modalities—creating classroom activities that require students to use
language within two or more of the four modalities, with attention to how those
: b2 X' {8 s% _/ c4 G& @modalities work within the framework of communicative modes, helps to reinforce
) r' i8 @$ A( U& E7 U) M0 Sthe concepts being emphasized.
: t3 b. R  D3 l3 M6 b- @      of language and content—language must be integrated with content, be it other
academic subject matters or cultural themes. A content-based approach to language
) t1 O# w: R4 F; \% H0 \teaching emphasizes language use; language structures are emphasized in the
& X( [! y5 E# o) J1 z( D9 N$ Jcontext of that use. Language classrooms must become places where students and
8 }- D$ n6 Q, n( f; ~teachers understand themselves as cultural beings and begin to discover the
complexity of the concept of culture as they view cultures both within and outside
$ ]. ?8 I/ \/ l2 f0 L% z' [$ ~of the U.S. from a number of perspectives.
9 E* S" O4 \$ Z2 D: h5 X/ Y4 D$ A
# p' T- j7 h) U) r/ U1 |

语境、真实、过程、反思、互动、整合$